Remont ferro-concrete designs

The basic designs of modern buildings and structures are executed from concrete, ferro-concrete or a brick. Their premature destruction, loss of the tightness bearing abilities by them and other operational qualities lead to undesirable consequences, and often bear threat of integrity of a structure and even a life of people. Therefore duly realisation of maintenance service, major repairs, actions for protection against corrosion of designs from stone materials for the purpose of increase in terms of their service at maintenance of requred service properties of a structure has essential practical significance.

Many buildings in which the damp or chemically active productions are possessed, suffer from problems with corrosion of ferro-concrete designs the open structures subject to effect of the atmospheric phenomena, to difference of temperatures, many-tier garages-parking, structures of the motor transportation enterprises.

Frequently the enterprises - holders of a building not in a condition to find means for their repair, and buildings gradually come to a menacing condition. Works not requiring high expenses on major repairs and strengthening of bearing ferro-concrete designs, podvergshihsya corrosion, are made by the organisation «the Professional the System». It, in particular, carried out reconstruction in 9-storeyed heated garage-parking of 1965 of construction, is consecutive with 1st on 9th floor. A grid of columns of a building – 7,5h9 m.

Tool inspection of a condition of building designs has shown, that in many places in crossbars and edges of plates of overlappings there was a destruction of a protective layer of concrete on depth from 3 to 6 defeat of section of longitudinal armature of plates and crossbars corrosion see separate plots reached 20 %, and cross-section armature, basically in regiments of crossbars and on priopornyih plots of plates of overlappings – to 80 %. Durability of concrete of crossbars has considerably decreased, and the protective layer became porous and easily exfoliated. In places of leakings hydrochloric stalactites were formed, has occurred ogolenie armatures and destruction of a protective layer of concrete.

The primary factors which have led to such condition, were, first, constant effect of aggressive components of exhaust gases of cars on a concrete surface; secondly, infringement of a waterproofing of overlappings and, as consequence, propityivanie designs a liquid, during the winter period the sated salt from antiobledenitelnyih the structures, brought by cars together with snow; and, thirdly, dynamic loads from moving transport. The liquid sated with salt has led to an intensification of corrosion and destruction of crossbars and overlapping plates. As a result – numerous cracks in concrete, it otsloenie, reduction of section of armature. Loss of durability of designs has led places to occurrence of significant deflections in crossbars.

It was necessary to prevent the further destruction, to restore a waterproofing and protective concrete cover, and in the heaviest places subjected to strong damage to execute strengthening metallokonstruktsiyami.

Experts performed the job plots that has allowed not to stop building operation. The qualitative waterproofing of overlappings preventing hit of aggressive liquids on bearing designs of a building has been executed.

Have been mounted metal podkosyi, and loads were partially redistributed from the damaged crossbars on columns. It is necessary to notice, that the design podkosov differs low metal consumption (and consequently, the low price), however allows to remove from a crossbar, according to design accounts, to 30 % of load. Places where destruction of edges of plates was too great also their condition had appeared close to emergency, metal beams have been made.

The cracked and exfoliating concrete has been removed, the surface bared zarzhavlennoy armature and concrete has been subjected sandblasting that has allowed to remove small particles of concrete and a rust and to give a surface roughness.

Further protective concrete cover of crossbars and edges of plates of overlappings has been restored. Work consisted in drawing of a fine-grained concrete mix, there were certain difficulties: how to supply reliable and strong coupling of new concrete with old, coupling of new concrete with armature, moreover in the conditions of effect of constant vibrating loads. New concrete should have the raised adhesion, indemnification of shrinkable deformations close to properties of old concrete temperaturno-vlazhnostnymi by deformations, fineness of structure, sufficient plasticity of a concrete mix. The material of series EMACO has been applied to repair. Made under the licence in Russia, it represents a product ready to application, is delivered in the form of a dry mix, at zamese with water forms fluid, not stratified, tikso-tropnyj, a high-strength solution with high degree of coupling with a steel and concrete, is bezusadochnyim both in plastic, and in the hardened condition. It is impenetrable and high-strength even in vyisokoagressivnyih environments, does not contain metal fillers and chlorides. And though it is more expensive than the concrete mix prepared independently, the total cost of repair practically has not increased thanks to convenience of fulfilment of works, reduction of quantity of the experts taken in them, reduction of terms.

For today garage-parking repair than 18 000 m І overlappings, more than 700 running metres of crossbars are finished, repaired more, collected more than 60 metal podkosov. Source: "the Newspaper Building" #11 (2003) heading “Stroyinform”

It is introduced: on April, 09th, 2003

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Kak to make armature durable?
In ferro-concrete designs of industrial buildings, structures of bridges, berthes and other objects destruction of a protective layer of concrete and armature corrosion can be found out in 5-20 years. In what the reason?To the factors initiating and strengthening this negative process, it is necessary to carry, first of all, water penetration of concrete, penetration into it of aggressive gases...
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