Raznovidnost building glass

Now flat glass produce mainly by means of a float-method, however, the extracts which have become outdated a method and a method proskating rinks are still used in insignificant volume by production of known special glasses among which it is possible to name manufacturing of figured glass with use of various methods proskating rinks. As well the method vyiduvki glasses still finds application, for example, by production of various art items from glass. Ready "usual" glass can be processed further various methods so that it correspoded to the appointment.

Antikvariatnoe glass

At use of a method machine proskating rinks or a method vyiduvki, and also by blowing by a mouth produce glasses which have characteristic roughnesses on a surface, non-uniformly possessed patterns or bubbles in glass volume. Glass can be transparent or painted. The thickness fluctuates, usually, between 2 – 4 mm.

Sun-protection glass

The term "sun-protection glass" is the nominal name given to glass which has ability to reduce propuskanie light and-or solar thermal energy. Such glasses are, for example, the glasses painted in all weight, various glasses with covers (glasses with covers of type On–line and Off–line).

Isolating double-glazed windows

Isolating double-glazed windows are elements in which two glasses or are more connected tightly with one another by means of a framework srednika, bending around edges of glasses, or by means of elastic weights, thus teploizoliruyuschaya ability of an element improves. At manufacturing of double-glazed windows can be used various sheet glass and received of them by item after-treatment.

Float-has flown down

Now the most widespread type of glass received by means of a float-method at which has flown down at an exit from the fusion furnace pours out on a surface of the fused tin and further in the form of a continuous tape acts through a cooling zone on the further processing. Float-has flown down it is characterised by exclusive flatness and absence of optical defects. The greatest size of received glass, as a rule, makes 5100 – 6000 mm h 3210 mm, thus a thickness of sheet can be even less than two millimetres and reach 25 mm. Received glass can be transparent, painted or with cover (glasses with covers of type On–line).

Photochromatic (photosensitive) glasses

Properties of the photochromatic glasses, concerning them svetopropuskaniya, vary depending on intensity of illumination. Glass darkens at strong bright illumination and on the contrary. This effect is reached, for example, thanks to influence added in glass weight galogenidov silver. Mainly, they find application for the present in the form of the items of the small size having special appointment – for example, as glasses lenses.

Nonreflecting glasses

Transparent glasses concern them which surface practically completely does not reflect a sunlight. Visible light is reflected, for example, thanks to special processing by acid. They find application, for example, at manufacturing of the glasses closing pictures.

Glasses with a reflecting surface (and also glasses with covers or with a smooth surface)

Glasses concern them with covers of type On–line and Off–line, received with application of the methods with the same name which surface reflects visible light and solar thermal radiation it is better, than usual glass. On appearance glass reminds a mirror. Using various materials for covers, it is possible to influence reflecting properties of glass and its appearance, intensity of reflective ability and shades of colour of a surface.

Signalling glasses

Glass which can be connected to an alarm system chain, concerns signalling glasses. In signalling glasses there are electroconducting covers or thin wires which join in an alarm system chain. At rupture of an electric chain the alarm system joins.

Front glasses

The term "front" glasses is a nominal name of glasses which are mainly used at tight facing of structures. To this purpose usually apply painted by a method vzhiganiya enamel paints of glass either transparent glasses or special sg-elements for building ostekleniya.

Chemically tempered glass

At chemical training of glass there are pressure of compression on a surface of glass preparation thanks to the processes occurring in a salt bath during which time occurs ionoobmen being on a surface of glass of ions of sodium on ions kaliya bolshego the size. For this reason in a blanket of glass preparation there are pressure of compression. Chemically tempered glass is also as well as thermally tempered glass mechanically is much stronger, than usual glass, however, chemically tempered glass at destruction breaks up to larger splinters and thereof it most often apply in the laminated designs.

The clarified glasses

The clarified glass is, according to the name, absolutely colourless glass. Such glass passes especially well visible light and solar thermal radiation as absorption and reflexion are extremely small.

Tyanutoe glass

Tyanutyim as glass is called the glass produced by a method of an extract by means of various cars. This method was the basic method of reception of sheet glass before hours a float-way. Small application now finds, for example, at manufacturing of any special glasses.

Figured glass

Figured glasses, usually, receive a method machine proskating rinks. Thus on one or on both surfaces of glass there is a desirable drawing which is received with the help valtsovochnyih cylinders with the put drawing.
Sometimes figured glass do and manually on valkah ("moulding"). Produced manually on valkah glass, as a rule, finds application at work with special art glass. Figured glasses approach to the diversified variants internal ostekleniya as allow the manufacturer to find the most fantastic variants.

Quartz glass

Quartz glass is the glass maintaining especially big temperature drops. It consists almost from pure oksida silicon. This glass has very low factor of thermal expansion.

The laminated glass

Glass which consists of two or more glasses laminated together with the help of laminating film PVB or a special laminating liquid is called as laminated, and glasses are called zhidkolaminirovannyimi or as laminated by pitch. At lamination it is possible to create combinations from the most various glasses and to use diverse films for lamination. Using a method of lamination of glasses, it is possible to produce elements which can be used, for example, as the glasses protecting from breaking, from bullets and for protection of the person against various traumas. The laminated glasses find also application and at manufacturing of isolating double-glazed windows. Lamination does not increase mechanical durability has flown down, however, at destruction the laminated glass remains "whole" thanks to a laminating film, i.e. glass splinters remain attached to a film.

The reinforced glass

This glass received by proskating rinks in which the wire grid or the wire threads possessed in one direction are pressed or fixed between two glass tapes. The reinforced glass less strong in comparison with usual glass of the same thickness. It is produced also with shlifovannoy a surface.

Glass ceramics

It steklomaterialyi which maintain heats. The mix of raw components for reception of such glasses, as a rule, consists almost from pure oksida silicon in which it is added oksid a pine forest (these glasses also are known under the name borosilikatnyih glasses).

Heated up glass

Such type of glasses concerns, for example, the glass which is electroconducting which cover works as resistance at propuskaniii a current owing to what glass heats up. Especially effectively in cases when it is necessary to get rid from konvektsii. It can be applied also as the glass which is a source of heat.

The glass tempered in the thermal method

The glass tempered by thermal method produce, heating up in the beginning glass to temperature more 600°S and then sharply cooling it. Thus in glass pressure of compression which increase mechanical durability are formed and firmness has flown down to differences of temperatures. At destruction glass is scattered on small safe splinters. It is possible to subject the majority of kinds of glasses to thermal training. It is necessary to pay attention to that fact by production of such glasses, that machining has flown down is executed always before process zakalivaniya as the tempered glass cannot be processed in the mechanical image. The tempered glasses can be used further, among other things, by production of isolating double-glazed windows or the laminated glasses.

The thermostrengthened glass

The thermostrengthened glass is produced also, as the glass tempered in the thermal method. The thermostrengthened glass on the mechanical firmness has the best in comparison with usual glass properties, but nevertheless concedes on firmness to glass, podvergshemusya to thermal training. The thermostrengthened glass at destruction breaks up to larger in comparison with the glass tempered thermally splinters, but on smaller in comparison with usual glass.

The glass painted in weight (and also "the painted glass")

The glass painted in weight is produced of raw materials in which various substances for reception of desirable colour are added. The most widespread are following colours: intermediate between bronze and brown, grey and green, however, it is possible to produce glass and other colours. The glasses painted in weight are known also as sun-protection glasses or absorbing glasses as such glasses absorb, absorb, in itself more than solar thermal energy and light, than usual transparent glasses.

Glasses with cover of type Off–line (and also poverhnostnoobrabotannyie glasses)

On glass it is possible to put after its manufacturing cover by an electromagnetic method of a plasma dusting in vacuum. Cover consists of the several layers which choice depends on definitive result which is necessary for receiving, depending on the required properties, radiating ability, propuskaniya light and thermal energy, and also optical properties. Glasses with covers of type Off–line usually use at manufacturing of double-glazed windows, thus the surface with cover will look inside. The choice of glasses with covers of type Off–line of different colour, with a different reflecting surface, and also with various selectivity is very wide.

Glasses with covers of type On–line (and also with firm cover of a surface)

The surface has flown down it is possible to process and during manufacturing process has flown down a method at which the hot surface has flown down is exposed to processing in various baths. Strong and strong metal cover is thus formed. This method suits giving of the diversified properties of a surface of glass. Glasses with covers of type On–line find application, for example, by production of various sun-protection glasses with a reflecting surface and at manufacturing neutral on colour of selective glasses. Except a choice of the raw materials used for reception of covers, on definitive result it is possible to influence as well a choice of raw materials for the glass. For this reason the choice of glasses with covers of type On–line is very diverse. The method of production of mirrors concerns the last method On–line also. Thus the purpose is to receive special cover.

Opal (dairy) glass

This produced by a method of a machine extract white glass. Transparent glass on which surface the thin layer of opal glass is put serves in two-layer opal glass as the basic glass. At manufacturing of single-layered opal glass in prepared for reception has flown down to weight there are such raw materials thanks to which the impression is made, that glass became matte and superficially resembling milk. At two-layer opal glass factor svetopropuskaniya more than at the single-layered.

Fire-prevention glasses

Fire-prevention glasses can be divided on their protective properties, for example, into glasses fire-resistant and isolating from fire.

Fire-resistant glasses interfere with penetration of a flame and a smoke during time, characteristic glass for each class. Glasses of such type is, as a rule. Single-layered, tempered and produced specially for protection against a fire of glass which pass, as a rule, thermal radiation.

Protecting fire-prevention glasses (or also cutting a zone of a fire of glass)-it, as a rule, elements from the laminated glasses of type of double-glazed windows or elements from the special materials received by special methods which besides, that interfere with fire and smoke penetration. Protect as well from penetration of thermal radiation in such a manner that the temperature on an opposite surface is lifted slowly.

Mirrors

The mirror is the such glass which back surface is processed so, that glass acquires especially good properties reflecting light. For cover reception silver is used, on it copper and a paint protective layer is put. The choice of mirrors is very wide, as mirrors can be produced of different glasses, and, besides, on mirrors it is possible to put various drawings a silk-screen printing method, and also a sandblasting method.

Poverhnostnoobrabotannoe glass

This general name for the glasses which surface has been processed by one of desirable methods, for example, a sandblasting method, by etching or it is painted. In this case as colouring understand other kind of colouring, rather than colouring with the help vzhigaemoy colour enamel.

Painted vzhiganiem enamels / the tempered glass

Painted vzhiganiem enamels and the tempered glasses receive in such a manner that one of glass surfaces is covered with colour enamel which during secondary heat treatment of glass vzhigaetsya in a surface has flown down, becoming an inseparable part last. There is almost unlimited quantity of shades of colours of such enamels. Received by a method vzhiganiya colour enamels of glass find application, usually, as front glasses ”, established by the painted surface inside.

Profilirovannoe glass (and also "glass panels")

Profilirovannoe glass are the transparent or colour glass plates extended at the stage of production in the form of U – a figurative profile. On a surface profilirovannogo glasses any drawing disseminating light, as a rule, is put. Besides profilirovannoe glass can be transparent (without drawing of any drawing) or selective (with the put sun-protection cover). Profilirovannyie glasses find application, for example, in stenovyih designs in a kind of one-or two-layer designs.

Selective glass (also glass with low E or LE)

This general name for glasses which have the cover having low radiating ability (nizkoemissivitetnoe cover). Teploizoliruschaya ability of selective glass is much better, than usual, solar short-wave thermal radiation gets through glass well, and aspiring to leave from within outside long-wave radiation is effectively reflected from a surface back. Use of selective glass as one of glasses in isolating double-glazed windows as, thus, it is possible to raise largely teploizoliruyuschie properties of a part of the building design falling to a window especially is recommended. Selective cover can be put or so-called On–line – a method simultaneously with process of reception of glass or Off–line a-method with cover drawing on glass a method of a plasma dusting in vacuum by means of plasma.

Glass protecting from radiation

The glass protecting from radiation, is intended for protection from radiaktivnogo radiations. Glass of this type acquires such properties at the stage of production by addition in a mix of raw materials oksidov heavy metals. It is used oksid lead more often, however, it is possible to apply and oksid cerium, especially to those objects in which from glass it is required to receive a thick protective layer and good optical properties.

Gnutyie glasses

Gnutyie glasses receive in special heating chambers in which has flown down is bent under the special form produced with that end in view. As forms for gnutya are used or so-called forms in the form of frameworks (by production of windscreens for cars) or so-called metal forms on which has flown down moliruetsya at heating. The size of minimum radius of a bend of glass depends on a thickness of glass.

Safe glass

This general name for glasses which have the best in comparison with usual glass protective properties, for example, at protection of the person against traumas. Under safe usually understand the tempered and laminated glasses, the glasses received by a combination of two types set forth above of glasses, and also fire-prevention glasses.

Sound-proof glasses

This general name for produced with application of glass of elements which have the improved soundproofing properties, for example, in designs of windows. These properties are received thanking, for example, to use for ostekleniya glasses of a various thickness or laminated by various methods, at the expense of creation raznovelikih intermediate spaces between glasses, and also by a combination of all aforesaid. The great value in a sound insulation question has revealing of a source of noise, planning ostekleniya and its fulfilment so that to lower the harmful effect caused by a source of noise of which effect wish to get rid, instead of, for example, is simple from noise.

The material is granted by company Busel