Raznoobrazie designs of wooden walls

Question: How log house walls are erected?
The answer: On rublenyie walls use basically coniferous breeds of wood in diameter in top otrube from 22 to 27 see At the tape bases the surface levelled by a cement mortal on a waterproofing from two layers of roofing felt stack the tarred boards in the thickness of 5 sm on which place okladnoy a wreath (bottom obvyazka). For okladnogo a wreath choose the strongest, half-number logs. At stolbchatyih the bases over a waterproofing course stack on each column scraps of boards in te thickness of 5-7 sm under okladnoy a wreath for the purpose of uniform distribution of pressure on column section. Okladnoy a wreath sraschivayut in all cases a slanting tooth.
At stolbchatyih the bases a joint always do over columns. For dense prileganiya logs to each other at erection of walls from the bottom party of each log choose a semicircular groove in width not less than 12 see
In log corners connect to the rest and without the rest. Cabin of walls with the rest (in a cup) practise mainly for the houses which are not sheathed outside. Cabin of walls without the rest (in a simple paw) make at a covering of walls outside. This cabin requires less wood. Rublenyie walls from logs have beautiful appearance, if all logs otesyivayutsya under one diameter («under skobu»), keep such walls without outside facing. If it is supposed to sheathe or revet the house with a brick logs can keep within a wall without oteski, komlyami serially every which way («in raskomlevku»). Logs of outside walls, as a rule, otesyivayut on one edging from an internal surface. For internal walls of a log otesyivayut on two edgings.
On wall height all logs rally among themselves the vertical plug-in thorns possessed in chessboard order, on distance of 1,5-2 m one from other. From edges of apertures thorns put on distance 15-20 Logs in walls necessarily see stack on a tow. It spread on wreaths so that the ends hanged down on either side of a wall. After erection of walls and the system of a roof a tow select and hammer into a seam in the form of the platen (primary konopatka). After deposits of walls (approximately in a year) seams perekonopachivayut, adding a new tow (secondary konopatka).

Question: How walls from a bar gather?
The answer: Bruschatuyu a wall put from a material even more prepared on conformity of the sizes and a special profile of cross-section section. The bar can be integral or kleenyim. Integral represents the same calibrated log, but with rectangular or square cross-section section (for example, 150h150 or 180h180 mm), that simplifies assemblage, but does not do the house more cheaply. Walls from a bar in comparison with the timbered require less expenses of a labour. Is more high-grade wood as gorbyil from filing of logs also is used is used.
For outside walls use a bar in the thickness to 18 sm, for internal — 10 sm; the height of a bar for outside and internal walls should be identical to supply correct fulfilment of angular and cross-section connections of wreaths. Seams warm the same as and in timbered walls. Corners of walls cut without the rest in a simple paw, applying thorns. With the purposes of protection against blowing off and promerzaniya corners close outside board pilasters under which it is necessary to lay antiseptirovannyiy felt. In the same way process end faces of the internal walls leaving outside. Interface of internal walls to the outside carry out through locks. A bar on height fasten thorns or nagelyami the same as also logs.
Bruschatyie walls have flat horizontal seams to which the rain moisture often gets. To reduce their water penetration, at each bar from lateral aspect on the top side sostrugivayut a facet in width about 1,5-2,5 sm, and seams carefully germetiziruyut and cover with drying oil, an oil paint etc. It is good to remove also a similar facet from within — it will be easier to caulk bruschatyie walls. Additional durability to a seam is given by the top layer of a tow braided in a plait.

Question: What itself represent walls from kleenogo a bar?
The answer: about forty Years ago have thought up kleenyiy a bar typed from 3-7 boards-lamelej in the thickness of 40 or 50 mm. To dry each of them industrially is easier, than the integral bar, therefore a man-made bar is characterised by constant humidity of 12-16 % on all section. At outside lameley exclude a friable core, and at internal it is admissible. But the direction of annual rings at the next boards should be opposite that koroblenie it was reduced to a minimum, and durability was received by the maximum. Connect lameli among themselves waterproof glue.
As properties kleenyih bars are stable, it has appeared, that, having created special system "groove-crest" on the top and bottom surfaces of a bar, it is possible to limit assemblage to simple combination of grooves of the bottom wreath with crests of the top. Dense connection of bars without an intermediate layer of a flax fiber is thus supplied. For such design, as well as for timbered, use or connection of two next elements wooden nagelyami (diameter 2-3 sm), or a long coupler along a wall from top to bottom.

Question: What technology of the system of panel board walls?
The answer: the Panel board wall is made of previously collected and trimmed frame boards in width of 2 m and height in one floor (we will tell, 2,35). From bruska section 50 h 100 mm with internal rasporkami fill in a skeleton of a board teplozvukoizolyatsionnyimi with plates, for example from mineral cotton wool, stack from two parties pergamin then a design sheathe materials for processing. For example, an inside often finish evrovagonkoy a class And, and outside — an edging board of 20 mm over which possess a vinyl siding. Boards establish on bottom obvyazku, executed of a bar 100h150 or 150h150 mm and put through a waterproofing on stolbchatyiy or the tape base, and strengthen top obvyazkoy. Joints between boards close up assembly foam or caulk. In garret overlapping stack plates from mineral cotton wool of the same mark, but thickness of 50 mm. Logs (150h50 mm) for overlappings cut in bottom and top obvyazki, atop lay a sexual board. The internal surface of boards after assemblage can be used and without additional furnish.
Defect of such design — in restriction etazhnosti and a house total area (no more than 180 sq.). Vagonku it is possible to replace with a new material for processing, so-called "block house". Its inside is executed as at vagonki, and outside simulates wreaths sruba. From apart the house with such furnish is difficult for distinguishing from timbered or bruschatogo. At a thickness of "block house" and the general thickness of a panel board wall of 200 mm the index of sound insulation Rw can reach of 30 mm 53 dB.

Question: What distinctive features of building of frame walls?
The answer: the Frame wall represents sheathed outside and from within a design from racks of rectangular section (for example, 38 h 150 mm), fixed by means of bottom and top obvyazok (for example, from an assembly board section 38 h 200 mm). (Usually 380-600 mm) do a step of racks multiple to standard width teploizolyatsionnyih materials. The step sexual and rafters makes a log about 380 mm that raises rigidity of a design and allows to use sheets of plywood of the standard sizes for a covering. As a heater floor-mats (mineralovatnyie, kamyishitovyie, steklovatnyie) or plates (porous drevesno-fibrous, solomitovyie, fibrolitovyie, peat, cellular synthetic) can be applied. From the interior of a skeleton lay rolled paroizolyatsiyu membrannogo the type, slowing down an exit of water steams from a room and by that interfering formation of a condensate in a wall. Internal furnish make vagonkoy or gypsum cardboard and wall-paper. From lateral aspect of a skeleton and on obreshetke roofs it is provided wind-shelter (protivofiltratsionnyiy) a layer in the form of sheet of moisture resistant plywood by thickness of 10 mm, covered outside vetrogidrozaschitnoy a film. Over this "pie" make outside furnish, for example, a vinyl siding in the thickness of 10-16 mm. The general thickness of a wall makes 180-200 mm. On top obvyazku opirayut beams of overlapping by section 38h150 mm then, at the two-storeyed house, establish a skeleton of the second floor.
At a karkasno-panel board design of the wooden house on the collected skeleton simply hang walls, making them from ready boards. It is possible to arrange a skeleton from compound partially hollow bar.

Question: What is «compound partially hollow bar»?
The answer: In this case racks making a skeleton are done of two boards which are forced down by nails through the prorates of the same thickness, as boards. If a thickness of a board of 40 mm, and width of 120 mm after knocking down partially hollow bar by section 120h120 mm is received. Durability of such bar is not much less than durability continuous, but technological possibilities incomparably more richly. For example, if the prorate acts on length it is already ready thorn for fulfilment of a joint of two details of a skeleton. Also installation podkosov vertical racks considerably becomes simpler.

Question: Why the slanting covering of a frame wall is favourable?
The answer: the Slanting covering of a skeleton boards allows to refuse installation bar-shaped podkosov and considerably saves time and means. The skeleton with a slanting covering turns in some kind of a farm, very strong and rigid.
Material have prepared L.RUDNITSKIY, A.ZHUKOV, A.SAHIBZADINOV Source: the Newspaper "Building" #15 (2005) heading «Stroyinform»

It is introduced: on March, 14th, 2007

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