Provoda in straw

Leading experts of centre "Habitat" have told to listeners of a seminar «the Engineering equipment of cottages and houses of farmstead type» about building energoeffektivnyih cottages from renewed natural materials.

As the natural counterargument instantly comes back to memory very many for the first time hearing about building from straw a known fairy tale on three pigs.

However demand inevitably gives rise to the offer, and this circumstance opens to straw building wide prospects.

There is a world award «For energoeffektivnst and stable power». In a nomination "Dwelling" the chief of centre "Habitat" managed to receive the second prize that speaks about a sufficient world recognition of those ideas to which experts of the centre today attend.

Now they work over the concept energopassivnogo ekodoma, and on these workings out some houses already are under construction. A problem of economy of energy at operation of the house well-known. energopassivnogo dwellings it enters Into concept as a small component. The concept energopassivnogo ekodoma includes also production of building materials, building, processes of destruction of a building upon termination of standard term of its operation and salvaging of building dust.

The dwelling Energopassivnoe not only saves consumed energy and other material resources at all stages of life cycle of a building. It also is minimum pollutes environment a various waste — harmful substances, power radiations and fields. Thus, energopassivnoe the dwelling aspires to a condition close to thermodynamic balance with environment.

Energopassivnyiy ekodom is the dwelling corresponding to such way of development of a civilisation at which not renewed energy sources and materials practically are not used, harm to the nature and health of the person is not done. In the USA, Sweden, Germany, Japan, other countries are under construction for a long time already comfortable houses with low and even zero energopotrebleniem, even without drainage systems. For example, in Stockholm already more than 20 years are successfully maintained the comfortable house with pool and a huge winter garden which has no not only water drains, heat - and power supply, but also a waterpipe. Also it was possible in some countries, for example, in Poland, Finland, Germany to construct some thousand the houses equipped with systems of solar heating and accumulation of solar heat. It was possible to achieve that these houses zero energopotrebleniya stand not more expensively usual stone houses.

At creation energopassivnogo ekodoma before building it there are three main problems: construction materials, teploobespecheniya and salvaging of a waste of ability to live.

The problem of materials consists that in the XXI-st century they should become accessible and ecologically pure. At their application power consumption, ecological compatibility and life cycle should be considered. Power consumption means power inputs on production, transportation, stacking and material operation. Thus it is necessary to consider vozobnovlyaemost this material and energy sources for its production and to try to choose materials with the least power consumption. Ecological compatibility defines, whether or its allocation the material is harmful to health, whether he requires a sheeting, whether a waste of building and operation of a material are harmful and technologies of salvaging of a material and its waste are how much harmless and economic, and also whether the material concerns number of the local. Life cycle is service life of a material, its maintainability and interchangeability, possibility of a reuse or harmless cheap salvaging. Just the transferred characteristics are answered also with the pressed straw from which building habitatovskih at home is made. It also is widely used in ecological building in the different countries of the world.

About teploobespechenii energopassivnogo ekodoma. While it is considered, that heating by a solar energy probably only in tropical countries. This opinion is erroneous — on long-term supervision of meteorologists, at width of Minsk from April till September on 1 m2 surfaces falls approximately in 10 times more a solar energy, than it happens it is necessary in a year with allowance for comfortable norms energopotrebleniya for housing accommodation. It is obvious, that this solar energy has enough for heating all year long and hot water supply in the summer. Thus the system of accumulation of solar heat can have EFFICIENCY only 10 % (these are figures for Minsk).

Ekodom a design developed in centre "Habitat", has skatnuyu a roof focused on the south. The roof is covered by a continuous water air solar collector of a design of the Belarus branch of the international academy of ecology which allows to use a solar energy. Under the house there can be a solid-state daily and seasonal thermal accumulator. Such accumulators are extended in Sweden and Norway and allow to use the solar energy which has been accumulated for summer, during winter time. Other possible design is a liquid accumulator in the house. (It is necessary, the truth to consider that maintenance of functioning of this liquid accumulator needs zakachivat under the house approximately 15 tons of water from account 200 m2 to a floor space.)

As auxiliary heating system (in case the accumulator will sit down) it is possible to use a fireplace or the small furnace of slow burning. For emergency system it is possible to use electroheating of a floor with power consumption 2 Vt/m2.

The house is equipped by compulsory system of ventilation with rekuperatsiey the allocated air, supplying air exchange and heating of premises.

What to do with an ability to live waste? We see, that from engineering communications ekodomu access roads and electrosupply (if not on a pocket expensive solar batteries and electroaccumulators) are necessary only. Water drain system — independent. Ministry of Health of the USA has certificated for a long time already and has allowed to use even in cities cheap local biological systems of salvaging hozbyitovyih the drains which are working by a principle of the closed cycle and not creating problems the winter, in the summer.

The area of biotreatment facilities is equaled approximately

200 m2, also look they, as a usual orchard or a kitchen garden. The estimated time of operation of such systems a family makes of 8 persons about 100 years, and productivity on these two hundred parts is unusually high. Still, same the most powerful potential. For these purposes it is possible to use also special kompostnyie the toilets which examples already are both in Sweden, and in the USA, and then to use compost as cheap organic fertilizer. In ekodome hozbyitovyie drains are utilised and used locally. Creating system «the House and a plot — a unit», we leave on essentially new level of development of architectural and building thought as thus not only money, time and power resources are saved, but also anthropogenous load on environment decreases.

Everything about what there was a speech, are real projects, in Belarus is constructed already nearby 40 ekodomov, and people who live in them already more than 3 years, are very happy, as all ideas applied there work.

As the natural counterargument instantly comes back to memory very many for the first time hearing about building from straw a known fairy tale on three pigs.

However demand inevitably gives rise to the offer, and this circumstance opens to straw building wide prospects.

At creation energopassivnogo ekodoma before building it there are three main problems: construction materials, teploobespecheniya and salvaging of a waste of ability to live.

The house is equipped by compulsory system of ventilation with rekuperatsiey the allocated air, supplying air exchange and heating of premises.

Construction & Building

Provoda in straw

Provoda in straw

Provoda in straw