Protivopozharnyie svetoprozrachnyie designs

Svetoprozrachnyie building designs in last vdemya find wide application in building. They can be used, in particular for ustatriumov, stained-glass windows, partitions, for shields of separate jobs, and also filling of apertures of fire-prevention barriers. Protecting designs with application of usual sheet silicate glass (GOST 111-90), as a rule, have low fire resistance (8-10 minutes on the basis of integrity loss). According to requests SNiP 21-01-97 regulating requests to building designs on fire resistance, the designs protecting ways o evacuation (including svetoprozrachnyie), should have a limit of fire resistance not less than 45 minutes to signs of loss of integrity and teploizoliruyuschey abilities (EI 45). Thus, a design for polneniya apertures of fire-prevention barriers (a door, windows) should have limits of fire resistance not less than 30 minutes.

For an estimation of actual fire resistance of protecting designs and designs of filling of apertures, are developed and the corresponding techniques of fire tests stated in GOST 30247 and GOST 30247 act.

Tests svetoprozrachnyih designs on fire resistance, including stained-glass windows, windows and doors, are conducted according to "the Time technique of tests for fire resistance svetoprozrachnyih building designs" (M, VNIIPO, 1996), with allowance for requests of above-stated GOST. This technique provides unilateral thermal effect on the sample of a design on standard temperature range according to item 6 of GOST 30247 (fig. 1).

At tests for fire resistance bearing svetoproz-rachnoj designs with the area ostekleniya more than 25 % are defined time before loss of integrity of a design () and its losses teploizoliruyuschey abilities (I) depending on design type. Integrity loss () is characterised by formation in a design of through cracks or apertures through which on not warmed surface products of burning or a flame get, or loss of a fragment of a design. Loss teploizoliruyuschey abilities (I) is characterised by intensity of the thermal radiation which are passing through svetoprozrachnoe filling of a design. It is accepted, that excess of size of density of a thermal stream of 3,5 kw/m2 on distance of 500 mm from not warmed surface or temperature excess under a peak of an outside protection of the furnace on the average to significance 250°S or in any controllable point of a design to 300°S corresponds to loss teploizoliruyuschey to ability svetoprozrachnoy to a design.

Maintenance of a standard thermal mode of unilateral heating of the sample at tests allows to measure fire resistance of designs in minutes. For example, svetoprozrachnaya the design with fire resistance of 45 mines should maintain a standard mode of heating not less than 45 minutes, and marks EI-45 indicate that both described above limiting a condition should not come before the designated time interval.

For fire resistance maintenance svetoprozrachnoy designs only on the basis of integrity E in quality svetoprozrachnogo fillings are used reinforced by a steel grid silicate or borsilikatnyie the glasses stable to long (to 30 mines) to fire effect, but not interfering thermal radiation.

Higher fire resistance svetoprozrachnyih designs on the basis of loss of integrity and teploizo-lirujushchej abilities is reached by application of composite multilayered glasses on the basis of the plastic glutinous compositions which distinctive feature is ability at effect of heats (150-300°S) to foam with formation heat-shielding koksovogo a layer.

Abroad issue of fireproof glasses is run in by firms PROMAT GmbH (Germany), PILKINGTON (Great Britain), RP Technik (Czechia), Glaverbel (Belgium), SHOTT (Germany) and others.

As a bearing skeleton fire-prevention svetoprozrachnyih building designs are used, basically, the metal or combined profiles which distinctive feature is the availability of the special thermoisolating elements increasing time of warming up of a skeleton and reducing temperature deformations at unilateral heating. Such profiles are manufactured, for example, by firm SCHUCO (Germany). (Germany) is made by firm HUECK system of aluminium profiles with special filling of external cavities for designs with fire resistance to 30 minutes

In Russia by present time are developed and glasses for fire-resistant svetoprozrachnyih designs are manufactured. Such glasses by firms "Solar Gard", “SHtiver”, S@P, "Photothat" are made. These glasses are used as for manufacturing pozharostoykih doors and windows, and as filling svetoprozrachnyih partitions.

The interesting offer for the building organisations are fire-prevention svetoprozrachnyie the designs developed by company "Photothat". Using as components of the designs only domestic materials, the company has run in issue of partitions and doors with fire resistance EI 30 and EI 45 on the basis of glasses of own production and aluminium profiles of a series 520 and 600 Verhnesaldin-skogo a metallurgical production association. Painted by powder enamels in any colour on RAL, these designs on the aesthetic properties differ nothing from the habitual aluminium. The original design of special filling of aluminium profiles has allowed to receive high fire resistance. Production of these items, according to the available licence, is run in by firm "Alyustem".