Novaya a life of old apartment

One of the well-known Russian architects has noticed once, that houses are much more conservative than the inhabitants with their changeable tastes, a fashion and habits. To It the parental ideal of a cosiness suddenly ceases suit junior generation. And here one begin in irritation (yes who all built it!) to move furniture, and the most courageous are decided on a radical step - European-quality repair or repair with re-planning.

ABOUT WHAT IT WE?
Apartment alteration is ment actually re-planning «in the plan»: change of quantity of rooms or auxiliary premises, their sizes or an arrangement.
However in the everyday use the term is treated more freely as usually it is a question of complex overhaul of a premise. Here the traditional set of works includes carrying over of walls, perestilka floors, installation of hinged ceilings, replacement of doors, in rare instances - prorubanie new doors or windows. Usually electric posting which can be mounted today in walls completely varies. The quantity of switches simultaneously increases. Those who manages to receive necessary permissions, with pleasure "hide" clumsy batteries - clean them in a floor or place along walls in assembly boxes. It is replaced the sanitary technician and household appliances are established. Frequently to make it it is possible only during re-planning - for connection of many import washing or dishwashers, toilet bowls, baths it is necessary to change pipes and water supply struts.
As to the term "European-quality repair" it is secondary and conditional enough. "Euro" is understood as the western tradition each time in the course of repair a little to change apartment «in the plan», creating illusion of "infinite set of interiors». Alas, the main reason of impossibility of achievement of "European standard" at us consists in a basic difference of technologies of building. The matter is that in the West for a long time already do not partition off apartment massive and heavy bearing walls. Instead of them are used thin (more often - gipsokartonnyie) "flying" partitions. To dismantle such partitions and anew to possess them at own discretion incomparably easier, rather than to destroy a bricklaying. By the way, houses of the "western" type in Russia too start to build. One of examples - apartments in New Olympic village.
All the rest who obstinately does not keep dream of apartment with «individual character», it is necessary to reconcile that our way to comfort, as always, is much more difficult western, and to realise, that business is necessary hard and really capital.

BEFORE "CUTTING"…
And also to break, drill and hollow, traditionally it is necessary to measure seven times. Consider - that new, simple and cosy lay-out which was already accurately generated in your imagination, it is far not so it is simple and accessible in performance.
Basically, if you while have only a dream about «new old» to apartment on the initial stage evaluate its "reality/unreality" you can to try independently.
One of the major questions here - how much your house in general supposes similar serious interference.
According to experts, till now about 60 % of re-plannings it is necessary on settled communal flats. Their majority places in the buildings constructed still till 60th years and concerning so-called shabby fund. Design features of such houses can essentially correct your plans. We will transfer some of these features and their possible consequences at re-planning.
Perhaps, the most shabby as of today at home - constructed at the beginning of the century from the clay brick connected among themselves by an izvestkovo-cement mortal. Overlappings of buildings - wooden, on beams from this a material.
As of today many beams have rotted through almost on 100 % that does any pereplanirovochnyie works as the extremely undesirable. Besides, their realisation essentially hinders also the special system of ventilation.
The same problems arise and with reconstruction of apartments in brick houses of 1900-1917 of construction in which wooden overlappings on metal beams or metal beams with ferro-concrete plots in bathrooms and kitchens were used.
In the mid-thirties walls of houses were under construction both of a silicate brick, and from a clay brick in two layers. Houses from a silicate brick have the same wooden overlappings on wooden beams. As a rule, all overlappings have rotted through and are in a pitiable condition. "State of health" of buildings (the same age) from a clay brick where walls have a sufficient thickness is much better, and overlappings were executed the mixed: wooden on metal beams with ferro-concrete plots in bathrooms.
Very not bad (from the point of view of re-planning possibility) houses of post-war construction were saved. Buildings have the mixed overlappings - wooden on minor wooden beams with a support on main metal beams and runs, and also metal and ferro-concrete columns.
Re-planning and in the houses constructed in the fifties with mixed overlappings is quite admissible. Some complexity cause unless the ventilating channels which have been fancifully enough possessed in longitudinal and cross-section brick walls.
About the same concerns and to brick (with ferro-concrete overlappings) to buildings of 60th years of construction. The basic difficulties at re-planning cause ventilating a box and system of engineering networks.
By the way, communication systems can present weight of unpleasant surprises practically in all old houses, having brought your European-quality repair to nothing.
For example, pump stations in such buildings in any way "will not pull" the modern jacuzzi consuming waters several times more of an old kind bath.
Other problem very often arises because of elementary incompetence, here again not so important, what year of construction your house. So, one of last «piskov fashions» - steel radiators - is calculated at all for many-storeyed houses. The maximum pressure which they maintain, - 9-10 atm. Whereas pressure in systems of heating of standard high-rise buildings sometimes reaches 12-13 atm.

WHERE TO MOVE?
So, if after all aforesaid thirst of changes at you was not gone, it is a high time to find out - in what order and behind what permissions it is necessary to address.
According to this order, any pereplanirovochnyie works should begin with giving of the corresponding application in special structures.
That the application was accepted from the first (that, generally, happens seldom), it is necessary to work at volume enough package of accompanying notes. From you can require and additional papers, but will be without pay requested:
The inquiry on a residence permit or the document confirming the property right to apartment;
The application for the consent of all full age members of the family living on the given area;
The inventory plan of the house or vyikopirovka from it on the given apartment, above and more low possessed premises in a zone of the prospective re-planning, certified by Design-inventory office (BTI);
The certificate of the operational organisation or materials of inspection of a technical condition of designs and the engineering equipment (in a re-planning zone) in which the condition and quality of furnish possessed below premises is underlined;
obmernyie drawings of a premise with a binding of the engineering equipment;
The conclusions of Committee on the state control, use and protection of monuments of history and culture about possibility and reorganisation or re-planning conditions if the apartment is possessed in the house which is a monument of history and culture, or again revealed object representing a cultural value.
On it the first stage of the coordination comes to an end. The commission considers the presented materials, surveys a premise at-sight and makes out the conclusion the protocol on technical possibility and expediency of proposed works. The abstract of minutes is issued to the applicant.
If the commission "gives OK", to the customer it is necessary to the second (not such long, but much more expensive) a stage - re-planning project development. Consider, that under the law you have the right to order the project only the organisation having the state licence for the given appearance of works.
However, in Moscow it is enough licensed and qualified experts-designers.
Further the project should be presented on the coordination all to the same Regional interdepartmental commission to which should approve or reject the project. But it is necessary to hurry - the issued permissions are valid within one year from the moment of their coordination. The works not carried out during this term are supposed only after repeated consideration of the project by the commission.
So that it is much more reliable (and is much cheaper) from the very beginning to make «as it is necessary» for what it is necessary to know that to you will not allow to make in general.
First of all, in no event it is impossible to touch systems on which life-support of the house and durability of a design of apartment depend: bearing support and beams, ventilation systems, gas pipes, water supply systems, fire-prevention systems. Change of systems of gasification and water supply is possible, but for this purpose it is necessary to receive the permission and to involve experts of corresponding municipal services. For many admirers of European-quality repair prohibition begins a surprise to "move" bathing and toilet rooms and to take down a wall between them (as well as any other hydroisolated partition!).

It is impossible to establish partitions if the living room without natural illumination or heating devices is as a result formed. It is forbidden to "design" also living rooms the area less than 9 m2 or width less than 2,25 m. Source: "the Building Season" #29 (2003)

It is introduced: on May, 22nd, 2002

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