Designs with smooth ceilings (Bespustotnyie ferro-concrete plates for covers and overlappings of industrial buildings)

Existing typical constructive decisions of one-storeyed and many-storeyed buildings with ridge plates of covers and overlappings satisfy to technology requirements of the big number of productions. However for separate from them are necessary bespustotnyie the designs supplying a smooth surface of ceilings. The agriculture enterprises concern such productions (including myasomolochnuyu and the food-processing industry), trade, the fish, refrigerating and medical industries.
In many-storeyed performance typical designs of a serie are developed for these productions 1 with bezbalochnyimi overlappings, however their use is connected with certain difficulties. So, at rather small volumes of application on separate regions of the country manufacturing of these designs economically is not justified.
In many-storeyed buildings on requests of technology of some productions (for example, in the dairy industry), the system in plitnyih designs of the big number of apertures, including near to columns is required. In typical bezbalochnyih the designs having capitals, the system of apertures probably only in average parts of flights and steps of columns – within intercolumned plates.
The Technological comparisons executed by institutes, attending to designing of the enterprises of agriculture, have shown rationality of their one-storeyed performance. In myasomolochnoy the industries the share of such buildings in the areas from the general on branch makes 75 %. However typical decisions with bezbalochnyimi designs are available only for many-storeyed buildings and include one grid of columns – 6h6 m though for considered productions the grid of columns 12h6 m (including for many productions placed in one-storeyed buildings) is optimum.
Bakeries, confectionery factories concern number of productions-consumers bespustotnyih designs of covers and overlappings with smooth ceilings, canning and breweries, productions of oils, fats, margarine, perfumery-cosmetic factories, the enterprises myasomolochnoy and ryibopererabatyivayuschey the industries, a vegetable storehouse, production of antibiotics and vitamins, etc. production.
In typical decisions of designs of many-storeyed buildings of a series 1 and its updatings of a series 1 with a grid of columns 12h6 m in overlappings use of multihollow plates in a combination to intercolumned plates of the box-shaped section not closed from above in height of 220 mm (a series 1, issue 2) is provided. In the bottom shelf of such box-shaped plates limited on perimetre to longitudinal and cross-section edges, apertures for a lining of vertical communications are arranged. Plates zaproektirovanyi on the maximum settlement load equal 1950 kgs/m2 (standard load - 1670 kgs/m2). The indicated load is necessary and for a great bulk of productions of the enterprises of agriculture.
Box-shaped plates at continuous stacking can be applied without additional processing in overlappings and covers accordingly many-storeyed and one-storeyed buildings.
In the first case they are used in a combination to skeletons of series 1 or 1, in the second – with the indicated skeletons or by stacking on typical ferro-concrete beams flights of 12 and 18 m.
The internal not closed cavities of box-shaped plates in overlappings are filled in to top of edges nizkomarochnyim keramzitobetonom with the simultaneous system of necessary apertures in the bottom shelf.
In case of transfer on a design of the significant concentrated loads in front of the system of concrete preparation of a floor over plates stack constructive armaturnyie grids (a cell – 200h200 mm) with their start on edges of plates.
In need of teamwork with plates the reinforced preparation of a floor can be included.
The internal not closed cavities of box-shaped plates in covers are filled in with any heater, including bulk.
Economic comparisons bezbalochnyih designs of many-storeyed buildings with a grid of columns 6h6 m with offered decisions of many-storeyed buildings from typical designs of series 1 or 1 and box-shaped plates give advantage to the last decisions at a rate of 11 %.
Thus at the expense of economy of floor spaces at a grid of columns 12h6 in comparison with a grid of columns 6h6 m depreciation reaches m of 15 %, but simultaneously by 4 % of an expense increase for the account zamonolichivaniya cavities of plates and works on installation of a skeleton of a building.
It is necessary to consider as additional economy of means and possibility of complete failure of the nomenclature bezbalochnyih designs of a series of not typical decisions of walls 1 and accompanying it and partitions.
A.M. MANKIN,
Cand.Tech.Sci. Source: "the Building Expert" #22

It is introduced: on January, 27th, 2003

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